CNA Activities of Daily Living (ADL): A Quick Study Guide

Activities of daily living (ADLs) are at the heart of a CNA’s job — and a big share of CNA exam questions. This quick guide covers what they are and how to handle ADL questions and skills.

What are activities of daily living?

ADLs are the basic self-care tasks people do every day: bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, transferring/mobility, and eating. CNAs assist residents with ADLs safely while preserving dignity and independence.

Why ADLs matter on the CNA exam

Much of hands-on CNA work involves ADLs, so they show up heavily on both the written test and the skills evaluation. Expect questions on safe technique, infection control during care, and promoting independence.

ADL skills you may be tested on

• Assisting with bathing and skin care
• Dressing and grooming
• Feeding and fluid intake
• Ambulation, transfers, and range of motion
• Toileting and proper positioning

Key principle: promote independence

Let residents do whatever they safely can themselves, offer choices, and only assist with the steps they can’t complete. Always wash hands, identify the resident, and protect privacy.